Calculate pressure drops in pipes, fittings, and valves for various flow conditions
The Darcy-Weisbach equation is a fundamental formula for calculating pressure loss due to friction in pipes:
ΔP = f * (L/D) * (ρv²/2)
Where ΔP is the pressure drop, f is the Darcy friction factor, L is pipe length, D is diameter, ρ is fluid density, and v is flow velocity. This method is applicable to all flow regimes and fluid types.
The Hazen-Williams equation is an empirical formula primarily used for water flow in pipes:
ΔP = 10.67 * L * Q1.852 / (C1.852 * D4.87)
Where Q is flow rate and C is the Hazen-Williams roughness coefficient. This method is limited to water at moderate temperatures and turbulent flow conditions.
Minor losses occur due to fittings, valves, and other components in the piping system:
ΔP = K * (ρv²/2)
Where K is the loss coefficient specific to each fitting type. These losses are typically expressed in terms of equivalent pipe lengths or velocity heads.
